Publications Published in 1992

1. Anaerobic burial of refuse in landfills: increased atmospheric methane and implications for increased carbon storage. Bogner, Jean E.
   Ecological Bulletins: 1992
   
   
2. A Natural History of California. Schoenherr, A. A..
   University of California Press: 1992
   
   
3. Global warming and electricity demand A study of California. Baxter, Lester W; Calandri, Kevin.
   Energy Policy: 1992
   Notes
   In this paper we estimate changes in California's annual electricity use and peak demand by 2010 under two global warming scenarios. We use each warming scenario to produce an electricity demand projection with end-use energy models. Our analysis focuses on the heating and cooling of buildings and the pumping and transport of water for farms and cities. The results suggest global warming has a moderate effect on electricity demand. Under our worst scenario, a 1.9°C increase, we project Statewide electricity requirements will increase by about 7 500 GWh (2.6%) and 2 400 MW (3.7%). We conclude discussion with thoughts on the implications a warmer world may have for energy forecasters and resource planners.
   
   
   
4. Nitrous Oxide emissions from vehicles. Dasch, Jean Muhlbaier.
   Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association: 1992
   Notes
   The estimate of the contribution of nitrous oxide from mobile sources to total U.S. emissions of greenhouse gases went from one-half percent in the last official inventory, published in 1997 (U.S. EPA) to three percent in the March 10, 1998, draft Inventory of U.S. Greehouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 1990- 1996 (U.S. EPA), which will be referred to in these comments as the Draft Inventory. The primary reason for this change is the use of much larger emission factors for gasoline highway vehicles, rather than increases in vehicle miles traveled. OMS believes that these emission factors are considerably larger than they should be. Therefore, these comments will focus primarily on the origin and validity of the emission factors used in the Draft Inventory and on the development of better ones.
   
   
   
5. Urban bias influences on long-term California air temperature trends. Goodridge, James D..
   Atmospheric Environment: 1992
   Notes
   An analysis of 80-year shelter level temperature records at 112 California sites has been carried out. Results show that sea surface temperature (SST) and urban heat island effects influence the magnitude of the observed warming trend in the overall data set. These effects, however, are masked by averaging all temperature records together. While a warming trend existed in the overall data set, areas with such trends generally corresponded to areas containing the state's major population centers. Warming trend magnitude also increased with county population size, and 20 small inland towns and rural areas actually showed cooling trends. SST trends over the last 40 years showed cooling in mid-ocean areas and an anomalous warming at coastal sites. The warming was associated with a decline in the normal frequency of cold water upwelling in the coastal area. SST warming was found to be highly correlated with the warming of shelter level temperatures at coastal land observation sites.
   
   
   
6. Valuing the health benefits of clean air. Hall, Jane V.; Winer, Arthur M.; Kleinman, Michael T.; Lurmann, Frederick W.; Brajer, Victor; Colome, Steven D..
   Science: 1992
   Notes
   An assessment of health effects due to ozone and particulate matter (PM10) suggests that each of the 12 million residents of the South Coast Air Basin of California experiences ozone-related symptoms on an average of up to 17 days each year and faces an increased risk ofdeath in any year of 1/10,000 as a result of elevated PM10 exposure. The estimated annual economic value of avoiding these effects is nearly $10 billion. Attaining air pollution standards may save 1600 lives a year in the region.