Publications Published in 1990

1. Conservation Screening Curves to Compare Efficiency Investments to Power Plants: Applications to Commercial Sector Conservation Programs. Koomey, Jonathan; Rosenfeld, Arthur H.; Gadgil, Ashok.
   Energy Policy: 1990
   Notes
   This paper describes a simplified methodology to compare supply and demand-side resources. The screening curve approach supplements with load shape information the data contained in a supply curve of conserved energy. In addition, a screening curve contains information on competing supply technologies, such as annualized capital costs, variable costs, and cost per delivered kWh. The information in the screening curve allows policymakers to promptly and conveniently compare the relevant parameters affecting supply and demand-side investment decisions. While many sophisticated computer models have evolved to account for the load shape impacts of energy efficiency investments, this sophistication has, by and large, not trickled down to spreadsheet-level or "back-of-the-envelope" analyses. Our methodology allows a simple summary of load shape characteristics based on the output of the more complicated models. It offers many advantages, principal of which is clarity in analyzing supply and demand-side investment choices. This paper first describes how supply-side screening curves have been used in the past, and develops the conceptual tools needed to apply integrated supply/demand screening curves in the least-cost utility planning process. It then presents examples of supply-side technologies and commercial sector demand-side management programs, and plots them on representative screening curves.
   
   
   
2. Global Climate Change and Intensification of Coastal Ocean Upwelling. Bakun, Andrew.
   Science: 1990
   Notes
   Discusses evidence that suggests the major coastal upwelling systems of the world have been growing in upwelling intensity, due to intensifying alongshore wind stress on the ocean surface, as greenhouse gases accumulate in the earth's atmosphere. Examples; Effects on the marine ecosystem.
   
   
   
3. Tree invasion in meadows of lassen volcanic national park, California. Taylor, Alan H.
   Professional Geographer: 1990
   Notes
   The causes of tree invasion into meadows in Lassen Volcanic National Park were investigated by dating invasive trees and associating age structure patterns with regional variations in fire history, grazing, and climate change Massive invasion was associated primarily with cessation of livestock grazing and burning between 1905 and 1933, but climatic changes may also have contributed. Maintenance of meadows may require continued use of unnatural processes due to uncertainties about pre-European fire regimes and other resource considerations.